Compare East Timor (2005) - Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2005)

Compare East Timor (2005) z Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2005)

	East Timor (2005)	Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2005)

Administrative divisions	13 administrative districts; Aileu, Ainaro, Baucau, Bobonaro (Maliana), Cova-Lima (Suai), Dili, Ermera, Lautem (Los Palos), Liquica, Manatuto, Manufahi (Same), Oecussi (Ambeno), Viqueque	none (territory of Australia)
Age structure	0-14 years: 37.1% (male 196,108/female 189,753) 15-64 years: 59.9% (male 318,173/female 305,479) 65 years and over: 3% (male 15,353/female 16,014) (2005 est.)	0-14 years: NA 15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA
Agriculture - products	coffee, rice, maize, cassava, sweet potatoes, soybeans, cabbage, mangoes, bananas, vanilla	vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts
Airports	8 (2004 est.)	1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)	-
Area	total: 15,007 sq km land: NA water: NA	total: 14 sq km land: 14 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of West Island and Home Island
Area - comparative	slightly larger than Connecticut	about 24 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background	The Portuguese began to trade with the island of Timor in the early 16th century and colonized it in mid-century. Skirmishing with the Dutch in the region eventually resulted in an 1859 treaty in which Portugal ceded the western portion of the island. Imperial Japan occupied East Timor from 1942 to 1945, but Portugal resumed colonial authority after the Japanese defeat in World War II. East Timor declared itself independent from Portugal on 28 November 1975 and was invaded and occupied by Indonesian forces nine days later. It was incorporated into Indonesia in July 1976 as the province of East Timor. An unsuccessful campaign of pacification followed over the next two decades, during which an estimated 100,000 to 250,000 individuals lost their lives. On 30 August 1999, in a UN-supervised popular referendum, an overwhelming majority of the people of East Timor voted for independence from Indonesia. Between the referendum and the arrival of a multinational peacekeeping force in late September 1999, anti-independence Timorese militias - organized and supported by the Indonesian military - commenced a large-scale, scorched-earth campaign of retribution. The militias killed approximately 1,300 Timorese and forcibly pushed 300,000 people into West Timor as refugees. The majority of the country's infrastructure, including homes, irrigation systems, water supply systems, and schools, and nearly 100% of the country's electrical grid were destroyed. On 20 September 1999 the Australian-led peacekeeping troops of the International Force for East Timor (INTERFET) deployed to the country and brought the violence to an end. On 20 May 2002, East Timor was internationally recognized as an independent state.	There are 27 coral islands in the group. Captain William KEELING discovered the islands in 1609, but they remained uninhabited until the 19th century. Annexed by the UK in 1857, they were transferred to the Australian Government in 1955. The population on the two inhabited islands generally is split between the ethnic Europeans on West Island and the ethnic Malays on Home Island.
Birth rate	27.19 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)	NA
Budget	revenues: $107.7 million expenditures: $73 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.)	revenues: NA expenditures: NA
Capital	Dili	West Island
Climate	tropical; hot, humid; distinct rainy and dry seasons	tropical with high humidity, moderated by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year
Coastline	706 km	26 km
Constitution	22 March 2002 (based on the Portuguese model)	Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955 (23 November 1953)
Country name	conventional long form: Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste conventional short form: East Timor local long form: Republika Demokratika Timor Lorosa'e [Tetum]; Republica Democratica de Timor-Leste [Portuguese] local short form: Timor Lorosa'e [Tetum]; Timor-Leste [Portuguese] former: Portuguese Timor	conventional long form: Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands conventional short form: Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Death rate	6.3 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)	NA
Debt - external	none	-
Dependency status	-	territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Grover Joseph REES embassy: Avenida de Portugal, Praia dos Conqueiros, Dili mailing address: Department of State, 8250 Dili Place, Washington, DC 20521-8250 telephone: (670) 332-4684 FAX: (670) 331-3206	none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Jose Luis GUTERRES chancery: 3415 Massachusetts Avenue, Washington, DC 20007 telephone: 202 965-1515 FAX: 202 965-1517 consulate(s) general: New York (the ambassador resides in New York) (2004)	none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international	UN Mission of Support in East Timor (UNMISET) has maintained about a thousand peacekeepers in East Timor since 2002; East Timor-Indonesia Boundary Committee continues to meet, survey, and delimit the land boundary, but several sections of the boundary especially around the Oekussi enclave remain unresolved; Indonesia and East Timor contest the sovereignty of the uninhabited coral island of Palau Batek/Fatu Sinai, which prevents delimitation of the northern maritime boundaries; many of 28,000 East Timorese refugees still residing in Indonesia in 2003 have returned, but many continue to refuse repatriation; East Timor and Australia continue to meet but disagree over how to delimit a permanent maritime boundary and share unexploited potential petroleum resources that fall outside the Joint Petroleum Development Area covered by the 2002 Timor Sea Treaty; dispute with Australia also hampers creation of a southern maritime boundary with Indonesia	none
Economic aid - recipient	$2.2 billion (1999-2002 est.)	NA
Economy - overview	In late 1999, about 70% of the economic infrastructure of East Timor was laid waste by Indonesian troops and anti-independence militias, and 300,000 people fled westward. Over the next three years, however, a massive international program, manned by 5,000 peacekeepers (8,000 at peak) and 1,300 police officers, led to substantial reconstruction in both urban and rural areas. By 2003, all but about 30,000 of the refugees had returned. Growth was held back in 2003 by extensive drought and the gradual winding down of the international presence. The country faces great challenges in continuing the rebuilding of infrastructure, strengthening the infant civil administration, and generating jobs for young people entering the workforce. One promising long-term project is the planned development of oil and gas resources in nearby waters, which have begun to supplement government revenues ahead of schedule.	Grown throughout the islands, coconuts are the sole cash crop. Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but additional food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia. There is a small tourist industry.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh (2002)	-
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2002)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2002)	-
Electricity - production	NA kWh (2002)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Timor Sea, Savu Sea, and Banda Sea 0 m highest point: Foho Tatamailau 2,963 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 5 m
Environment - current issues	widespread use of slash and burn agriculture has led to deforestation and soil erosion	fresh water resources are limited to rainwater accumulations in natural underground reservoirs
Environment - international agreements	NA	-
Ethnic groups	Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian), Papuan, small Chinese minority	Europeans, Cocos Malays
Exchange rates	the US dollar is the legal tender	Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001), 1.7248 (2000)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Kay Rala Xanana GUSMAO (since 20 May 2002); note - the president plays a largely symbolic role but is able to veto some legislation; he formerly used the name Jose Alexandre GUSMAO head of government: Prime Minister Mari Bin Amude ALKATIRI (since 20 May 2002) cabinet: Council of Ministers elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 14 April 2002 (next to be held in April 2007); after the first legislative elections, the leader of the majority party was appointed prime minister by the president, suggesting a precedent for the future election results: Kay Rala Xanana GUSMAO elected president; percent of vote - Kay Rala Xanana GUSMAO 82.7%, Francisco Xavier do AMARAL 17.3%	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general head of government: Administrator (nonresident) Evan WILLIAMS (since 1 November 2003) cabinet: NA elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia
Exports	$8 million (2004 est.)	NA
Exports - commodities	coffee, sandalwood, marble; note - the potential for oil and vanilla exports	copra
Exports - partners	Indonesia 100%	Australia
Fiscal year	1 July - 30 June	1 July - 30 June
Flag description	red, with a black isosceles triangle (based on the hoist side) superimposed on a slightly longer yellow arrowhead that extends to the center of the flag; there is a white star in the center of the black triangle	the flag of Australia is used
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 25.4% industry: 17.2% services: 57.4% (2001)	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $400 (2004 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	1% (2004 est.)	NA%
Geographic coordinates	8 50 S, 125 55 E	12 30 S, 96 50 E
Geography - note	Timor comes from the Malay word for "East"; the island of Timor is part of the Malay Archipelago and is the largest and easternmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands	islands are thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation
Heliports	1 (2004 est.)	-
Highways	total: 3,800 km paved: 428 km unpaved: 3,372 km (1995)	total: 15 km paved: NA km unpaved: NA km (2003)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	-
Illicit drugs	NA	-
Imports	$167 million (2004 est.)	NA
Imports - commodities	food, gasoline, kerosene, machinery	foodstuffs
Imports - partners	NA	Australia
Independence	28 November 1975 (date of proclamation of independence from Portugal); note - 20 May 2002 is the official date of international recognition of East Timor's independence from Indonesia	none (territory of Australia)
Industrial production growth rate	8.5%	-
Industries	printing, soap manufacturing, handicrafts, woven cloth	copra products and tourism
Infant mortality rate	total: 47.41 deaths/1,000 live births male: 53.71 deaths/1,000 live births female: 40.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)	total: NA male: NA female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	4% (2003 est.)	-
International organization participation	ACP, AsDB, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICCt, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS (observer), ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, MIGA, OPCW, PIF (observer), UN, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO	none
Irrigated land	1,065 sq km (est.)	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court of Justice - constitution calls for one judge to be appointed by National Parliament and rest appointed by Superior Council for Judiciary; note - until Supreme Court is established, Court of Appeals is highest court	Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court
Labor force	NA	NA
Labor force - by occupation	NA	the Cocos Islands Cooperative Society Ltd. employs construction workers, stevedores, and lighterage workers; tourism employs others
Land boundaries	total: 228 km border countries: Indonesia 228 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 4.71% permanent crops: 0.67% other: 94.62% (2001)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001)
Languages	Tetum (official), Portuguese (official), Indonesian, English note: there are about 16 indigenous languages; Tetum, Galole, Mambae, and Kemak are spoken by significant numbers of people	Malay (Cocos dialect), English
Legal system	UN-drafted legal system based on Indonesian law remains in place but will be replaced by civil and penal codes based on Portuguese law (2004)	based upon the laws of Australia and local laws
Legislative branch	unicameral National Parliament (number of seats can vary, minimum requirement of 52 and a maximum of 65 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms); note - for its first term of office, the National Parliament is comprised of 88 members on an exceptional basis elections: (next to be held August 2006); direct elections for national parliament were never held; elected delegates to the national convention named themselves legislators instead of having elections; hence the exceptional numbers for this term of the national parliament. election results: percent of vote by party - FRETILIN 57.37%, PD 8.72%, PSD 8.18%, ASDT 7.84%, UDT 2.36%, PNT 2.21%, KOTA 2.13%, PPT 2.01%, PDC 1.98%, PST 1.78%, independents/other 5.42%; seats by party - FRETILIN 55, PD 7, PSD 6, ASDT 6, PDC 2, UDT 2, KOTA 2, PNT 2, PPT 2, UDC/PDC 1, PST 1, PL 1, independent 1	unicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council (7 seats) elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held NA
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 65.9 years male: 63.63 years female: 68.29 years (2005 est.)	total population: NA male: NA female: NA
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 58.6% (2002)	-
Location	Southeastern Asia, northwest of Australia in the Lesser Sunda Islands at the eastern end of the Indonesian archipelago; note - East Timor includes the eastern half of the island of Timor, the Oecussi (Ambeno) region on the northwest portion of the island of Timor, and the islands of Pulau Atauro and Pulau Jaco	Southeastern Asia, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, southwest of Indonesia, about halfway from Australia to Sri Lanka
Map references	Southeast Asia	Southeast Asia
Maritime claims	territorial sea: NA exclusive economic zone: NA continental shelf: NA exclusive fishing zone: NA	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of Australia; the territory does have a five-person police force
Military branches	East Timor Defense Force (Forcas de Defesa de Timor-L'este, FDTL): Army, Navy (Armada) (2005)	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$4.4 million (FY03)	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA	-
National holiday	Independence Day, 28 November (1975)	Australia Day, 26 January (1788)
Nationality	noun: Timorese adjective: Timorese	noun: Cocos Islander(s) adjective: Cocos Islander
Natural hazards	floods and landslides are common; earthquakes, tsunamis, tropical cyclones	cyclone season is October to April
Natural resources	gold, petroleum, natural gas, manganese, marble	fish
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)	NA
Political parties and leaders	Associacao Social-Democrata Timorense or ASDT [Francisco Xavier do AMARAL]; Christian Democratic Party of Timor or PDC [Antonio XIMENES]; Christian Democratic Union of Timor or UDC [Vicente da Silva GUTERRES]; Democratic Party or PD [Fernando de ARAUJO]; Liberal Party or PL [leader NA]; Maubere Democratic Party or PDM [leader NA]; People's Party of Timor or PPT [Jacob XAVIER]; Revolutionary Front of Independent East Timor or FRETILIN [Lu OLO]; Social Democrat Party of East Timor or PSD [Mario CARRASCALAO]; Socialist Party of Timor or PST [leader Avelino COELHO]; Sons of the Mountain Warriors (also known as Association of Timorese Heroes) or KOTA [Clementino dos Reis AMARAL]; Timor Democratic Union or UDT [Joao CARRASCALAO]; Timor Labor Party or PTT [Paulo Freitas DA SILVA]; Timorese Nationalist Party or PNT [Abilio ARAUJO]; Timorese Popular Democratic Association or APODETI [Frederico Almeida-Santos DA COSTA]	none
Political pressure groups and leaders	Popular Council for the Defense of the Democratic Republic of East Timor or CPD-RDTL [leader Antonio-Aitahan MATAK] is largest political pressure group; it rejects current government and claims to be rightful government; Kolimau 2000 [leader Dr. Bruno MAGALHAES] is another opposition group; dissatisfied veterans of struggle against Indonesia, led by one-time government advisor Cornelio GAMA (also known as L-7), also play an important role in pressuring government	none
Population	1,040,880 note: other estimates range as low as 800,000 (July 2005 est.)	628 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	42% (2003 est.)	-
Population growth rate	2.09% (2005 est.)	0% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	Dili	Port Refuge
Radio broadcast stations	AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2004)
Religions	Roman Catholic 90%, Muslim 4%, Protestant 3%, Hindu 0.5%, Buddhist, Animist (1992 est.)	Sunni Muslim 80%, other 20% (2002 est.)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.96 male(s)/female total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2005 est.)	-
Suffrage	17 years of age; universal	NA
Telephone system	NA	general assessment: connected within Australia's telecommunication system domestic: NA international: country code - 61-891; telephone, telex, and facsimile communications with Australia and elsewhere via satellite; 1 satellite earth station of NA type (2002)
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	287 (1992)
Telephones - mobile cellular	NA	note - analog cellular service available
Television broadcast stations	NA	NA
Terrain	mountainous	flat, low-lying coral atolls
Total fertility rate	3.61 children born/woman (2005 est.)	NA
Unemployment rate	50% (including underemployment) (1992 est.)	60% (2000 est.)

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